Cannabis News Stop the Drug War!
  Brain May Produce Its Own Antipsychotic Drug
Posted by CN Staff on August 25, 2004 at 12:32:48 PT
By Rachel Nowak 
Source: New Scientist UK 

medical A cannabis-like substance produced by the brain may dampen delusional or psychotic experiences, rather than trigger them. Heavy cannabis use has been linked to psychosis in the past, leading researchers to look for a connection between the brain's natural cannabinoid system and schizophrenia.

Sure enough, when Markus Leweke of the University of Cologne, Germany, and Andrea Giuffrida and Danielle Piomelli of the University of California, Irvine, looked at levels of the natural cannabis-like substance anandamide, they were higher in people with schizophrenia than in healthy controls.

The team measured levels of anandamide in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 47 people suffering their first bout of schizophrenia, but who had not yet taken any drugs for it, and 26 people who had symptoms of psychosis and have a high risk of schizophrenia.

Compared with 84 healthy volunteers, levels were six times as high in people with symptoms of psychosis and eight times as high in those with schizophrenia.

"This is a massive increase in anandamide levels," Leweke told the National Cannabis and Mental Illness Conference in Melbourne, Australia, last week. And that is just in the CSF. Levels could be a hundred times higher in the synapses, where nerve signalling is taking place, he says.

Cause or Effect

But were the high anandamide levels triggering the psychotic symptoms or a response to them? Leweke and his colleagues found, to their surprise, that the more severe people's schizophrenia was the lower their anandamide levels.

The team's theory is that rather than triggering psychosis, the substance is released in response to psychotic symptoms to help control them. People with the worst symptoms might be unable to produce sufficient anandamide to prevent them.

At some point in their lives, between 5 and 30 per cent of healthy people have had symptoms such as delusions or hallucinations, which can be triggered by something as simple as sleep deprivation. "All of us are potentially psychotic," says David Castle of the University of Melbourne. So for the body to have a system that prevents these experiences getting out of hand makes sense, he says.

Frequent Episodes

The new findings suggest antipsychotic drugs could be developed that target the anandamide system, but it will not be simple. The active ingredient in cannabis, THC, binds to anandamide receptors.

But people with schizophrenia who use cannabis actually have more severe and frequent psychotic episodes than those who do not. This may be because THC makes anandamide receptors less sensitive.

Leweke's team also found anandamide levels lowest in people with schizophrenia who used cannabis more frequently, suggesting it may disrupt the system in other ways too. Up to 60 per cent of people with schizophrenia use cannabis.

A study by Castle, also reported at the Melbourne meeting, has found that people use the drug to get rid of unpleasant emotions associated with the disease such as anxiety and depression.

Copyright: Reed Business Information Ltd.

Source: New Scientist (UK)
Author: Rachel Nowak, Melbourne
Published: August 25, 2004
Copyright: New Scientist, RBI Limited 2004
Contact: letters@newscientist.com
Website: http://www.newscientist.com/

Related Articles & Web Site:

Medical Marijuana Information Links
http://freedomtoexhale.com/medical.htm

Study: No Marijuana Link To Schizophrenia
http://cannabisnews.com/news/thread19359.shtml

Marijuana Linked To Schizophrenia Symptoms
http://cannabisnews.com/news/thread19018.shtml

Schizophrenia Society of Sask. Warns Doctors
http://cannabisnews.com/news/thread18886.shtml


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Comment #26 posted by ElPatricio on August 27, 2004 at 12:59:03 PT:

Hip To Hemp
Thanks for furnishing the URL to Ruffrun's hemp documentary, Rev. Green. I'm in the middle of watching it. Nice to see all the hempsters in person.

Now, as soon as I can de-bug my RealPlayer, I can watch it on the big screen!

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #25 posted by BGreen on August 27, 2004 at 10:13:56 PT
Here's The url to "Let My People Grow".
The Reverend Bud Green

[ Post Comment ]
 
Comment #24 posted by ElPatricio on August 27, 2004 at 09:24:01 PT:

Runruff's Not Alone
I only have articles on one DEA bust in Oregon in 2003, that of Travis Poulson as reported by The Oregonian on October 10 and 12. But that was a Willamette Valley raid, which doesn't sound like Runruff's.

If Runruff has any electronic copies of articles about his case, I'd encourage him to e-mail me a copy or direct me to the archives where I could find them. The book I am writing focuses on California, but I will include stories like Runruff's from Oregon, Washington, Colorado and Hawaii -- at minimum.

I am especially interested in cases where local authorities invited the feds to do what their state's medical-marijuana law prevented them from doing. I'd also be interested to know whether or not Oregon has a constitutional provision like California's Article 3, Section 3.5 that requires local authorities to uphold a state law in conflict with federal law unless it is overturned at the appellate level.

A big difference between Oregon and California is that the Oregon attorney general actually sued the feds over its challenge of the Death With Dignity measure. Sadly for qualified California patients, former Attorney General Dan Lungren cooperated with the feds rather than defend Proposition 215 from federal assault. His explanation? "You look for areas you can cooperate."

I could not find Runruff's documentary on the CCRH web site. If you could pass along a URL address for the documentary, I'd be pleased to watch it. I am too broke to buy anything at this point.



[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #23 posted by runruff on August 27, 2004 at 08:23:21 PT:

ElPatricio
I live in Oregon. Yes the raid made the papers and tv too. Of course the report was so scued I didn't even recignize who they were talking about untill I heard them say my name. They left out all the facts and filled in with their own perverted version. One thing they told the local community was that they assisted our local sherrif department in the raid. This is just one of the many lies they told. There was only one deputy here from the sherrifs' dept. and fourty DEA agents. The warrent said the investigation started with a call to the Medford DEA office in DEC. 2003. When our sherrifs name was brought up during the bust I said "yes I like our sherrif very much and I had voted for him." someone smirked, "yea because he leaves you pot growers alone." This got a round of giggles from all the agents present. This was all facist DEA, our local sherrif has stated publicly that pot growers are not a crime problem in our community and he will not waste tax payers money going after them. He is now on his second term and well liked by the county population.

Thank you for asking, I'll send you my video "Let My people Grow" For the price of the postage. Or go to CRRH.org in documentries and see it for free.

Namaste

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #22 posted by ElPatricio on August 26, 2004 at 19:24:09 PT:

Runruff!
Thanks for posting your DEA experience. Can you tell us what state you lived in at the time of the raid? I care.

I'm interested in hearing from California medical users who have run afoul of the law since Proposition 215 passed in 1996 -- especially if the arrest never made the papers.

Contact me at ElPatricio@aol.com

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #21 posted by BGreen on August 26, 2004 at 11:28:48 PT
Cannabis Prohibition Will Come Back To Haunt Many
Millions of people have been injured by the attack on a plant that was miraculously given to us and protected by the Creator. I say protected because despite the best efforts and all the money the world could throw at eliminating the miraculous cannabis plant and its' partakers we both still flourish worldwide!

The evidence of not only the importance of the cannabis plant to the planet but also of its' symbiotic relationship with humankind is overwhelming. I believe the cannabis plant is so important in the design of the planet that it wasn't allowed to be eliminated or forgotten.

We need hemp to replace petrochemicals for the production of fuel and plastics, we need hemp seed to replace the essential fatty acids we can no longer get from our contaminated fish, and we need cannabis for the health and welfare of humankind.

I believe we're going to find out that millions of people arrested and caged for cannabis had been using the cannabis to regulate some cannabinoid deficiency or imbalance. In other words they weren't criminals but were jailed for being sick.

My nephews were very hyper and wouldn't sit still for anything. It was annoying as heck and I'm guilty just like all of our family of getting on to them for not listening to us and behaving.

My nephews were later diagnosed with Tourettes Syndrome and we all felt like crap. I still feel horrible about punishing them for something they couldn't help.

That is going to be the future of cannabis prohibition ... how in the hell could we have made such a mistake?

The Reverend Bud Green

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #20 posted by Hope on August 26, 2004 at 10:56:53 PT
They claim to be the
"Good Guys"

Over a plant.

Think about it people.

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #19 posted by Hope on August 26, 2004 at 10:52:26 PT
venomous government.
venomous people

The entire bunch...but some more than others seem as mad as Nero.

There are many venomous, hate filled people in our communities. There are people in our own communities who would like to see us "fry in hell" for disagreeing with them.

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #18 posted by Hope on August 26, 2004 at 09:46:23 PT
I am, at least,
"lifting a finger to help."

[ Post Comment ]
 
Comment #17 posted by Hope on August 26, 2004 at 09:44:09 PT
Not that I like to take chances
I don't.

It's wrong and painful to me personally to stand by and watch people persecuted.



[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #16 posted by Hope on August 26, 2004 at 09:39:34 PT
It's extremely serious
that's the only reason I'm here. I know that we are taking a chance by disagreeing with a venomous government.

It's a lie that our movement is based on reformers just wanting to legally toke. That's outrageous.

Their, prohibitionists, treatment of people has crossed over into something obviously outrageously wrong...yet it continues.

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #15 posted by Hope on August 26, 2004 at 09:29:32 PT
runruff
Oh runruff! I'm so sorry. I'm grieved. Truly.

Your news makes me sick.

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #14 posted by FoM on August 26, 2004 at 09:19:18 PT
runruff
I really am sorry and I know that this is serious. Sometimes I think people worry about laws about hard drugs more then marijuana laws and yet I believe the personal damage to individuals is far greater for marijuana issues then hard drug use. Don't be afraid to share how you feel here on CNews. We will listen and I hope listening can help you go thru this. You've had heart surgery. Don't let it hurt your health please.

[ Post Comment ]
 
Comment #13 posted by runruff on August 26, 2004 at 08:39:11 PT:

Just a reminder.
This could happen to you. Even under the guise of a conspiousy. If someone you know is using, selling or legally growing pot, you too could have fourty DEA thug surround your home and point automatic weapons at you. It happen to me and the lead thug sold me he knew that I was nonvilolent , had no guns and was rccovering from a recent open heart surgery and two major eye surgeries. Later on during the bust several agents who began to act a little human said they were sorry thet had to come here. One guy said he didn't even know why they were here after they saw what the situation was. Most of them were young rud and cocky however and is was obvious it was just all in a days work to them. You could tell after a while of talking to them that wearing a badge and pointing guns at people, going through their personal effects and robbing them was fun to them and certinly a better job than they would otherwise qualify for in the real world. Maybe I was a lot like you in thinking that this woud not happen to me. I'm a good citizen. Served overseas during Viet Nam as a hospital medic. But it did and I'm up for trial soon. We must understand how serious the feds are in this game of protecting corprate interest.

[ Post Comment ]
 
Comment #12 posted by siege on August 26, 2004 at 07:54:00 PT
SHUT UP AND TAKE YOUR DRUGS
The Bush administration, long tied in an unholy, generational alliance with the pharmaceutical companies, hopes to pattern this massive effort to get more Americans on drugs after the Texas Medical Algorithm Project (TMAP) in effect since 1995. This summer the British Medical Journal, daring to do what no U.S. publication would do, showed the connection between the pharmaceutical industry and the dangers associated with the TMAP program. Investigators and medical professionals were fired for calling attention to the abuses (including patient deaths) associated with TMAP. Under TMAP it was not unusual for some people to be placed on more than five psychiatric drugs at once.[1]

http://www.newswithviews.com/Mary/starrett53.htm



[ Post Comment ]
 
Comment #11 posted by Virgil on August 25, 2004 at 18:06:06 PT
Cannabliss
There was talk of Cannabian v Cannadian a few days back and I was thinking about the word cannabliss and canna as words. As the world seaches for new names for 7 billion people and their pets, I look for Canna to make it to a name. I think Cannac has some chance in Canada for a name as it could be said like Canuk but have that spelling the same foward and backwar going for it.

I new that there was a poster that used the screen name cannabliss. I look for it to leak into the vocabulary as a substitute for words like "high" and "bizz." It is rather strange really that someone has not laid it on us by now. I was sitting in my chair feeding my muchies some pizza, when the cops knocked down the door and killed my cannabliss. Of course one thing that helps the oncoming of the word cannabliss it the fact that the natural cannabinoids were called anandamide by the scientist that discovered them in the early 1990's and it is the Greek word for bliss.

Grasshuffer might not have appeared on this site before. I read it at marijuana.com a few months ago where it was used in substitue for "Grasshopper" as in Kung Fu fame for the name of a pupil.

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #10 posted by cannabliss on August 25, 2004 at 15:45:33 PT
another (semi-) recent article from GJS
on cannabis and mental illness...

http://www.gjsentinel.com/news/content/epaper/editions/friday/2b_gr_column_7_30.html

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #9 posted by siege on August 25, 2004 at 15:09:11 PT
HUMAN STUDIES
HUMAN STUDIES ON MEDICAL USE OF MARIJUANA

New Mexico and Tennessee studies, with efficacy rates of 90%. In ...

REVIEW OF HUMAN STUDIES ON MEDICAL USE OF MARIJUANA by Dale H. Gieringer, Ph.D.

SUMMARY: HUMAN STUDIES ON MEDICAL USES OF MARIJUANA HUMAN STUDIES ON MEDICAL USE OF MARIJUANA

There have been hundreds of studies on the medical uses of cannabis since its introduction to western medicine in the early nineteenth century. A review of the literature reveals over 65 human studies, most of them in the 1970's and early 80's. * The best established medical use of smoked marijuana is as an

http://www.marijuana.org/DalesReport.html#foot2



[ Post Comment ]
 
Comment #8 posted by mayan on August 25, 2004 at 14:39:32 PT
unrelated...
Here is a story regarding a controversial web site created by a man who is fighting charges of selling the herb...

Cops smell rodent at `rat'-outing Web site: http://news.bostonherald.com/localRegional/view.bg?articleid=41001

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #7 posted by FoM on August 25, 2004 at 14:38:27 PT
siege
That article might have some truth to it in my opinion. I know two people who died and the common substances they used were tobacco, alcohol and marijuana. The things they both had in common and they didn't know each other was they were heavy and I mean heavy hard type alcohol users and smoked cigarettes. Pot use in both men was moderate.

[ Post Comment ]
 
Comment #6 posted by Hope on August 25, 2004 at 14:31:46 PT
Drug War Preservation
That's what this is really about.

[ Post Comment ]
 
Comment #5 posted by siege on August 25, 2004 at 14:28:52 PT
Squamous cell carcinomas by U V
Squamous cell carcinomas This type of cancer can be traced to marijuana, tobacco and alcohol use. There was a time those things were in my life. Don’t do them. It’s not worth it,” he said.

http://www.gjsentinel.com/hp/content/epaper/editions/saturday/6_19_harmeling_www.html;COXnetJSessionID=Bs2VAVfX1ScjcQwvt8fd8

[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #4 posted by E_Johnson on August 25, 2004 at 13:06:48 PT
What about running?
Schizophrenia is very stressful and it is known to get worse in response to stress.

Perhaps the stress is what raises the anandamide levels.

Like when people run. Runners have high anandamide after a run. In response to the stress of running.

But running doesn't make people psychotic.

If high anandamide made people psychotic, then I would think running would also make people psychotic.



[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #3 posted by E_Johnson on August 25, 2004 at 12:55:09 PT
I would also like to point out
"Up to 60 per cent of people with schizophrenia use cannabis. A study by Castle, also reported at the Melbourne meeting, has found that people use the drug to get rid of unpleasant emotions associated with the disease such as anxiety and depression. "

Pharmaceutical antipsychotic medications can have the following side effects: severe muscle spasms, diabetes, aplastic anemia

People who take Clozaril have to have blood tests twice a month to check whether their blood count is abnormal, signalling the development of aplastic anemia, so that the medication can be withdrawn in time to save their lives.



[ Post Comment ]

 
Comment #2 posted by FoM on August 25, 2004 at 12:55:03 PT
Just a Note
It seems both of these articles are almost identical. I guess it wasn't necessary to post both of them but here they both are!

[ Post Comment ]
 
Comment #1 posted by FoM on August 25, 2004 at 12:36:18 PT
Related Press Release from EurekAlert
How our Brains Fend Off Madness

August 25, 2004

A Cannabis-like substance produced by the brain may dampen delusional or psychotic experiences, rather than trigger them.

Heavy cannabis use has been linked to psychosis in the past, leading researchers to look for a connection between the brain's natural cannabinoid system and schizophrenia. Sure enough, when Markus Leweke of the University of Cologne, Germany, and Andrea Giuffrida and Danielle Piomelli of the University of California, Irvine, looked at levels of the natural cannabis-like substance anandamide, they were higher in people with schizophrenia than in healthy controls.

The team measured levels of anandamide in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 47 people suffering their first bout of schizophrenia, but who had not yet taken any drugs for it, and 26 people who had symptoms of psychosis and have a high risk of schizophrenia. Compared with 84 healthy volunteers, levels were six times as high in people with symptoms of psychosis and eight times as high in those with schizophrenia. "This is a massive increase in anandamide levels," Leweke told the National Cannabis and Mental Illness Conference in Melbourne, Australia, last week. And that is just in the CSF. Levels could be a hundred times higher in the synapses, where nerve signalling is taking place, he says.

But were the high anandamide levels triggering the psychotic symptoms or a response to them? Leweke and his colleagues found, to their surprise, that the more severe people's schizophrenia was the lower their anandamide levels. The team's theory is that rather than triggering psychosis, the substance is released in response to psychotic symptoms to help control them. People with the worst symptoms might be unable to produce sufficient anandamide to prevent them.

At some point in their lives, between 5 and 30 per cent of healthy people have had symptoms such as delusions or hallucinations, which can be triggered by something as simple as sleep deprivation. "All of us are potentially psychotic," says David Castle of the University of Melbourne. So for the body to have a system that prevents these experiences getting out of hand makes sense, he says. The new findings suggest antipsychotic drugs could be developed that target the anandamide system, but it will not be simple. The active ingredient in cannabis, THC, binds to anandamide receptors. But people with schizophrenia who use cannabis actually have more severe and frequent psychotic episodes than those who do not. This may be because THC makes anandamide receptors less sensitive. Leweke's team also found anandamide levels lowest in people with schizophrenia who used cannabis more frequently, suggesting it may disrupt the system in other ways too.

Up to 60 per cent of people with schizophrenia use cannabis. A study by Castle, also reported at the Melbourne meeting, has found that people use the drug to get rid of unpleasant emotions associated with the disease such as anxiety and depression.

This article appears in New Scientist issue: 28 August 2004 -- http://www.newscientist.com

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2004-08/ns-hob082504.php

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